Hotvianska A. Elements of energy-efficient technology of onion cultivation for food and seed purposes for the Northern Steppe of Ukraine

The Object:patterns of formation of yield and quality of commodity products and seeds of onion. The Objective:to develop and theoretically substantiate the elements of the technology of growing commodity products and onion seeds based on drip irrigation using mineral fertilizers and microelements.The Novelty:for the conditions of the Northern Steppe of Ukraine, for the first time, established patterns of formation of yield of commodity bulbs, uterine bulbs and onion seeds of varieties with a round and elliptical shape were established. Improved and theoretically justified measures to improve the efficiency of the use of irrigation water in the cultivation of marketable products and onion seeds.TheResults:the influence of mineral macro-and micronutrients on the development of plants of the first year of cultivation with various methods of irrigation has been determined.The dependence of marketable yield on the availability of plants with nitrate nitrogen, mobile phosphorus, exchangeable potassium and the development of the assimilation apparatus, plant height and the number of leaves was determined. An inverse relationship between marketable yield and water consumption coefficient was revealed. Calculated the coefficients of water consumption in the cultivation of marketable crops and seeds. The expediency of thickening crops of varieties with a rounded shape up to 1000 thousand pieces/ha, and elliptical up to 1200 thousand pieces/ha, has been scientifically grounded. The most rational method of irrigation was established – drip with a differentiated humidification mode, P45K30 fertilizer locally + 2 top dressing N15 and Reakom 3 l/ha foliar top dressing, and crop density of 1000 thousand pcs / ha, in which the observed high coefficient of efficiency for bioenergy variety Batyr – 6.65 Lubchik– 6.48.Degree of introduction: The effectiveness of the developed elements of the cultivation technology is confirmed by the results of implementation in 4 farms of the Dnipropetrovsk region on a total area of 4.9 hectares