Object: concomitant strabismus. Purpose: enhance the efficiency of diagnostics and treatment of oculomotor diagnostics and treatment of oculomotor disorders in concomitant strabismus by means of optimization indications for the usage of electrostimulation method, based on the study of peculiarities of oculomotor muscles biopotentials by means of surface electromyography method (EMG). Methods: ophthalmic - distance wisometry, refractometry, measurement of angle of strabismus with synoptophore and prisms, ophthalmometry, fundoscopy, biomicroscopy, surface EMG by the means of computerized electromyography M-TEST-2 and the developed method, of determination of the state of sense of sight through colour test, evaluation of ocular motility; statistical - STATISTICA 8 program. For the first time the characteristics of bioelectrical activity during surface electromyography of horizontal rectus muscles of an eye by amplitude and frequency in healthy children with orthophoria (lateral rectus muscle: average amplitude is from 6,2 to 13,4 mV, frequency is from 41,4 to 78,6 Hz; medial rectus muscle is from 6,25 to 14,3 mV, frequency is from 42,7 to 74,64 Hz). The existence or absence of any differences in measurements presented makes it possible to differ the forms of strabismus. For the first time, an imbalance in the squinting eye oculomotor muscle work was discovered, the evidence of which is the difference in frequency of biopotentials of surface electromyography of lateral and medial rectus muscles: with convergent strabismus – medial rectus muscle, and with divergent strabismus – lateral rectus muscle. In particular, with concomitant monolateral non-accommodative strabismus in comparison to healthy children (109,29 ± 15,89 and 58,67 ± 15,97 Hz; 102,52 ± 14,45 and 60 ± 18,6 Hz accordingly) and with convergent divergent concomitant alternating non-accommodative strabismus in comparison to healthy children (108 ± 15,7 and 58,67 ± 15,97 Hz; 104,85 ± 6,65 and 60 ± 18,6 Hz accordingly). The occurrence of strabismus is accompanied by increase in frequency of biopotentials of the surface electromyography on the damaged side. For the first time, there was no difference diagnosed in children with accommodative strabismus as compared to non-accommodative strabismus in frequency of SEMG biopotentials of the lateral and medial rectus muscles (54,86 ± 4,1 and 54,4 ± 4,71 Hz). For the first time, a method of surface electromyography for oculomotor muscle with the use of modified electrode, allowing to measure objectively a biological activity oculomotor muscles, and being absolutely pain-free and safe, and can be used in community setting. Average numbers of bioelectrical activity of extraocular rectus muscles in healthy children were defined (lateral rectus muscle: А 9,80 ± 3,60 mV, frequency 60 ± 18,6 Hz; medial rectus muscles: А 10,19 ± 3,94 mV, frequency 58,67 ± 15,97 Hz). There were determined accurate distinctions in numbers of SEMG biopotentials frequency of extraocular rectus horizontal eye muscles with concomitant accommodative and non-accommodative strabismus, enhancing the efficiency of differential diagnostics between these forms of strabismus. There was diagnosed increase of bioelectrical activity frequency of a muscle after electrical stimulation of children with concomitant strabismus in 95% of cases following the treatment course. Electrical stimulation method reduces the imbalance in SEMG biopotentials numbers of lateral and medial rectus muscles of the squinting eye, accompanied by decrease in angle of deviation and improvement of binocular functions in children concomitant non-accommodative strabismus. Coefficient of frequency ratio Кν is suggested – that is the ratio between frequencies of surface electromyography biopotentials of medial to lateral muscles in convergent squint and between frequencies of lateral to medial muscle in divergent squint in patients before treatment which has a prognostic value for the result of electrostimulation treatment. The results of the work were introduced into the clinical practice of the binocular vision disorder laboratory, SI «The Filatov institute of eye diseases and tissue therapy NAMS of Ukraine», in PI " Kryvyi Rih City Clinical Hospital № 8" DRC, Kryvyi Rih city. Scope - medicine, ophthalmology.
