Vavilova A. The distractive perfectionism as a factor of anxiety and depressive patterns in adolescents.

The dissertation is devoted to the study of structural and typological features of destructive perfectionism as a factor of anxious and depressive patterns in adolescents. As a result of the theoretical analysis this problem, we define perfectionism as a personal phenomenon, which means the striving for perfection, involves the nomination of high standards to oneself and other people, the desire to meet the expectations of social environment for the purpose of obtaining approval and recognition, causes cognitive, emotional, motivational and behavioral features and has different forms – from constructive / positive to destructive / pathological. It was found, that destructive perfectionism in children and adolescents appears as a result of dysfunctional styles of upbringing and excessive demands from the social environment. The last one causes emotional frustration and, in general, emotional problems in adolescence. The negative influence of destructive perfectionism is actualized in the achievement situation, which mediates the emergence of emotional problems. Taking into account it, a program of empirical research destructive perfectionism in adolescents has been developed. The methodology for measuring perfectionism was adapted on a sample of Ukrainian adolescents. The connection between destructive perfectionism and anxiety-depressive patterns in adolescents is specified. It is revealed, that there are qualitative differences between adolescents perfectionism and anxiety-depressive patterns: Self-oriented perfectionism often causes increased anxiety in situations of knowledge testing and anxiety associated with learning success; socially prescribed causes the emergence of anxiety in relations with teachers and anxiety due to the assessment of others. Characteristic features of the age dynamics of perfectionism in adolescents are the follows: at the age of 12–14 years the average level of perfectionism is significantly higher, than for adolescents at the age 15–18 years, which makes it possible to consider younger adolescence age (12–14 years) as critical to the formation of perfectionism. In older adolescents (15–18 years) perfectionism already takes its place in the structure of the personality and reduces the level of it influence.