The dissertation has been devoted to the study of growth rates, preservation and payment of feed by piglets, various genetic combinations grown in the period of rearing in rooms with alternative ventilation, in the pens with different size groups, as well as growth and fattening productivity, meat-fat qualities, physical and chemical characteristics of meat of animals reared in the pens with different types of floor.
It has been determined that at all seasons the geothermal ventilation system of the premises made it possible to create more comfortable conditions for keeping piglets to grow compared to the traditional one, which contributed to the highest growth rate and better preservation of piglets in summer and winter. In both premises, the piglets had better indicators of the productivity in winter and spring, worse in summer.
The method of ventilation of uniform pressure in the summer and autumn seasons contributed to the improvement of the productive qualities of the pigs during their rearing as compared with the traditional one. The average daily gains of animals in the research premises were significantly higher by 10.9% (p≤0.01), which resulted in higher 1.09 kg (p≤0,001) piglet weight at transfer them to fattening and at 8.3% better feed conversion.
It was determined that piglets with small group content, at all times of the year, had an average daily increase of 34-59 g higher than their counterparts with large group content. In the spring and autumn, its value was inferior to the winter indicators but were the best than summer ones.
It was found that among the piglets that grew on the concrete slatted floor, the average daily increase of piglets during their rearing at any time of the year was reliable on 6.1-22.6% lower than in pens with a polymeric lattice floor. The feed conversion during the year depended more on its time than on the type of slatted floor, and the safety of piglets depended to a large extent on the type of floor and had significant fluctuations during the year.
Animals that were raised in the pens with a polymeric flooring, grew more intensively at fattening, had reliably (p≤0.05-0.01) at 4.9-5.3 kg higher weight at its completion, better at 0.08-0.12 kg feed conversion and earlier for 6.0-6.6 days reached the final mass from analogues, which were grown on the concrete floor. In their carcasses, there was a high slaughter yield, a lower back fat thickness, a large area of the muscular eye, and a ham mass, better by 1.0-4.6 (p≤0.05) units, its color, and by 1.94-3,06% higher (p≤ 0.05-0.01) water-holding capacity.
It was found inappropriate in the Steppe zone of Ukraine, in the pens for rearing piglets of replacement the polymer flooring on a concrete.
It was determined that hybrid piglets of foreign breeding had a reliable higher average daily gains of 35-59 g, due to which they turned out to be significantly at 1.9-3.3 kg higher live weight when removed from rearing, compared to hybrid young of domestic breeding. They also had the best at 0.17-0.27 kg feed conversion.
Among animals of foreign origin, high-intensity growth and better feed conversion were distinguished by descendants of the Yorkshire × domestic sows × Landrace of Irish origin and boars of the synthetic specialized line of «Maxster».
