RESUME
Hnatenko K. I. Methodology of work on the characteristics of the image-character in course of literary reading in primary school. Аs а manuscript.
Thesis for a Candidate Degree in Pedagogical Studies, Specialty 13.00.02 – Theory and Methods of Teaching (Ukrainian language). Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University, Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine. Ternopil, 2019.
The thesis «Methodology of work on the characteristics of the image-character in course of literary reading in primary school» is a complex study of the theoretical and practical problems related to the methodology of work on the piece of imaginative writing.
The paper discusses the emergence of the concept «image» in the philosophical, pedagogical and literary categories. The problem of the artistic image is considered in the development and from the perspective of its social role. The artistic image as one of the main categories of art carries the cultural imprint and varies according to the main trends and requirements of society. The main features of the image are abstraction, expressiveness, flexibility, self-sufficiency, ambiguity, expressiveness, and confidence. The artistic image reveals not only the individual features of the phenomenon or a group of phenomena, but it also reveals some common features and regularities inherent to these phenomena.
Today it is vital to establish common classification of the images of childhood reading that will contribute to the further development of both theoretical and practical areas of literary studies.
In primary school, the problem of perception of the image of the character has traditionally been shaped by the issues related to the reading and writing skills. Unlike the high school, the lessons of literary reading in the primary school are usually organized with under the teacher guidance, as the students find it difficult to determine the motives of characters, and their emotional state, which is primarily due to the age and insufficient life experience.
Analysis of scientific and methodological sources results in the conclusion that to increase the level of semantic perception of the students there is a need in the systematic work on the lessons of literary reading. Effective techniques that allow enhancing the qualitative level of perception of students are the use of visual material aimed at clarifying and expanding the knowledge of students about the past and the present (during the pre-reading stage), verbal and graphical imaging, different kinds of reading, compiling a story about the hero, the staging.
During the pilot phase of the study, the students have formed the basic skills necessary to estimate the character: to distinguish the protagonist, to identify the secondary characters; to determine the setting of the novel, causes and their relationship; to talk about the reader’s own experiences and the feelings that arose during the familiarization with the piece of art; to reveal the nature of the character on the basis of the author’s characteristics, through action, a vivid portrait of the details, to establish the author's attitude to characters, to formulate the reader’s own attitude to what is depicted, to find the figurative expressions for reasoning represented thoughts. The tasks had the difficulty level depending on the grade and the developed skills of the students.
After considering the results of the control phase of the study it is possible to assert that the proposed methodology of work on the characterization of characters during the lessons of literary reading in primary school helps to increase the ability of junior students to perceive and understand artistic works.
The scientific novelty of the obtained results is that the thesis is one of the first attempts to comprehensively describe the problem of studying the images of the characters in elementary school, given modern training methods, the latest achievements of pedagogy and psychology.
The practical significance of the obtained results is presented in the scientific positions of the thesis, conclusions and suggestions can be used:
a) in research activities for further studies of theoretical and practical problems of perception and understanding of the artistic image in literary works;
b) in the educational process: in the preparation of lectures for students in the higher education institutions, for conducting practical classes on discipline "Methodology of the Ukrainian language teaching", and for writing textbooks, methodical and scientific textbooks, and other methodological materials.
Keywords: artistic image, characterization, literary reading, methods, primary school students.
