Object: Senile cataract (ICD: H 25.1). Purpose: optimization of senile cataract medicinal treatment by means of eye lens antiradical protective system parameters metabolic correction with bioflavonoids and increasing of its optical parameters stability on initial stage of disease based on obtaining new scientific data concerning anti-cataractogenic effect of these compounds. Methods: experimental (simulation of animals light cataract, research of lens optical parameters in vitro), ophthalmologic (visometry, refractometry, perimetry, tonometry, biomicroscopy, ophthalmoscopy); biochemical (glutathione peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase activity, content of Malondialdehyde, Conjugated dienes, thiol and disulfide groups of proteins, reduced and oxidized glutathione), statistic (descriptive statistics, parametric and nonparametric methods). It has been proved experimentally for the first time, that bioflavonoids increase significantly lens’s resistance to harmful effects of high intensity light impact. Quercetin has a much more marked anticataract effect if compared to rutin, which is shown in stabilization of pathological process during much more early periods (20 weeks) and in more effectiveness for certain, which is registered at the end of medical supervision period. For the first time during reproduction of lens age changes by simulation of light cataract it has been established that quercetin prevents antioxidant enzymes inhibition thus assisting in increasing of activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase in rabbits eyes lenses by 63.8; 21.1 and 58.8 %, and in anterior chamber aqueous humour by 44.3; 18.7 and 32.2 % in relation to the data of the group with light impact only. Scientific data have been added in relation to mechanism of bioflavonoids action, anti-cataractogenic effect whereof is shown in stabilization of thiol groups of proteins of the lens, which is expressed in increase of its concentration by 47.1 % by animals under conditions of light cataract simulation against the background of quercetin application concerning respective values in the group with light impact only, while level of thiol groups in the lens of animals, exposed to light without being given bioflavonoids, makes 61.2 % in relation to norm. It has been found for the first time, that bioflavonoids stabilize processes, which assist in development of senile lenticular opacity, while they prevent significant lowering of antioxidant enzymes activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase in lenses and anterior chamber aqueous humour of the patients, suffering Senile cataract when applying quercetin, which is confirmed by the data of credible decrease of relative values of light diffusing inside the eye at all periods of supervision. Work results have been implemented into clinical practice of Microsurgical Department No. 1 of Mykolaiv Regional Ophthalmologic Hospital and EXPRESS OPTICA Private Company Eye Therapy Centre, Kherson, Ukraine. Application sphere: medicine, ophthalmology.
