According to literature data, during last years this technique substantially took proper place in diagnostics of superficially located tumors, due to its high information content in visualization of affected areas and possibility of its quantitative and qualitative evaluation. Single researches devoted to prostate cancer recognize the need for further investigations for final definition of the technique's role in this pathology. Definition of levels of shear wave elastography indicators in diagnostics of the prostate diseases comparing to such methods as transrectal ultrasound as in gray scale examination as energetic dopplerography practically became a subject of the study. General population consisted of 160 persons. 130 men with lower urinary tract symptoms and similar indicators of standard examination, with prostate specific antigen level within the limits of 4 - 10 ng/ml, were included to the study. Patient's results of digital rectal examination and ultrasound data were dispersed. Reference group included 30 healthy men. Mean age of patients was 69,0±7,0 years, and 66,7±6,2 years in control group. Obtained data concerning improvement of prostate diseases differential diagnostics can be justified and objectified. Thereby, the problem was in differential diagnostics between inflammatory process and tumor. Indicators of all the patients were divided into three groups according to the range of elasticity of visualized sites in the prostatic tissue. Namely, 20-39 kPa, 40-69 kPa, >70 kPa. It has been proven that shear wave elastography has high information capacity in diagnostics of the prostate diseases, which increases with its application with other transrectal ultrasound techniques, and has been confirmed by mentioned indicators. Number of suspicious areas in the prostate tissue increases during visualization from gray scale to energy Doppler and reliably increases for shear wave elastography and B-mode + energy Doppler + shear wave elastography respectively, but comparative difference between these techniques wasn't statistically relevant. Simultaneously, number of areas which has been confirmed histologically increases gradually, whereas these indicators don't show statistically relevant difference for every technique without reference to pathologic process nature. Peculiarities of defined indicators of prostatic tissue elasticity in inflammatory, benign and malignant focuses have been objectified. It has been proven, that probability of identification of BPH is 12,1 and 15,6 times higher for shear wave elastography and B-mode + energy Doppler + shear wave elastography respectfully. It has been proven, that shear wave elastography indicators, especially in complex with B-mode + energy Doppler have the highest diagnostic significance for identification of the prostate cancer between other prostate diseases. The need for use of additional diagnostic tools and performing of extended biopsy in patients with tissue elasticity within the limits of 40-69 kPa had been objectivized. Conditions under which shear wave elastography cannot be recommended as definitive diagnostic method have been objectified, and indications when it is optimal between other transrectal ultrasound options have been validated. Diagnostic effectiveness of shear wave elastography in differentiation of nature of the pathological process in the prostate tissue justifies efficiency of its inclusion to complex of ultrasound examination techniques. And minimal survey time, noninvasiveness, absence of radiation exposure validates its application in differential diagnostics of the prostate diseases, especially at early its stages.
