Voloshyn I. Social security of law-income people in Ukraine

The paper deals with the theoretical and applied legal issues of social security of low-income people in Ukraine. The author clarifies the essence of low-income as a basis of a person’s social security; defines the term and researches judicial guaranties of social security of low-income people in Ukraine; analyzes social assistance and subsidies as a type of social assistance of low-income people; analyzes information service and providing consultations, peculiarities of social housing and social service as types of social security of low-income people in Ukraine. The author proves the necessity to amend judicial features of the low-income and poverty with due allowance for the monetary and non-monetary criteria of poverty under international social standards. The definition of social security of low-income families has been further developed. The author defines social security of low-income families as s system of state, municipal and non-governmental measures of obligatory and voluntary character which are taken to implement state social policy of poverty reduction and are aimed at compensation for people consequences of social risk of low-income and creating conditions to ensure the person standard of living in accordance with state social standards. The researcher outlines stages of formation of the social protection system of low-income people in Ukraine. The researcher emphasizes the necessity to adopt the Law of Ukraine “On social security of low-income people”. The author improves theoretical and practical proposals for standards of social security of low-income people which is provided within various organizational and legal forms. The researcher makes arguments that standards, which are determined by the Law of Ukraine “On state social standards and state social guaranties”, are legal guaranty of ensuring a sufficient standard of living within the national organizational and legal form of social protection. Legislative proposals on improving the procedure for appointing and providing various types of social protection for low-income people are argued. The researcher proposes to create Unified register of low-income people and types of social security that are provided to them. The researcher analyzes problems of implementation of norms of Law of Ukraine “On state social assistance to the low-income families”. The ideas of improving practical application of the concept of economic independence of low-income people and encouraging of governmental and non-governmental subjects to participate in social protection measures that ensure the implementation of this concept are developed in the research paper. The author stresses the necessity to systemize legislation on subsidies for housing and communal services and bring it in the line with the constitutional principles in Ukraine. Ensuring the effectiveness of subsidies for housing programs in Ukraine are considered in the direction of increasing their species diversity. The author argues the expediency of introducing a new type of social subsidy - a rent. The specific reference is made to the legislative lack of norms related to essence, obliged subjects, quality indicators, mechanism of provision and monitoring procedure of social information service. The researcher outlines legal conditions of providing people with social housing. The author emphasizes the lack of state social standards that are important for social security of low-income people in the Law of Ukraine “On state social standards and state social guaranties”. As these social standards are defines the following ones: the normative of recognizing a person as needed of social protection in the field of housing relations and the normative of providing a person with social housing. For the first time, the necessity of their legislative definition is substantiated. The researcher proposes to establish a unified social housing register of low-income people, who are in need for social security, within build-up area with differentiation of types of social housing in regards to entitled subject, legal conditions, standards and mechanism of person’s participation in obtaining a proper housing. The author proposes such to ensure equal opportunity for such people in the field of social housing. The author develops scientific proposals on ensuring of maximum efficiency and individual approach to the provision of social service to person who belong to vulnerable groups and/or are in difficult life situations.