Vydryk A. Experimental Substantiation of the Technology for the Production of Royal Jelly for the Incomplete Orphanage of Bee Colonies

The features of the exterior, namely the length of the proboscis, the cubital index, the shape of the posterior edge of the wax mirror and some molecular genetic markers in bees of Ukrainian and Carpathian breeds were studied. It was found that bees of Ukrainian breed, compared with Carpathian, are characterized by a higher level of intragroup similarity, a lower degree of heterozygosity and the number of polymorphic loci. Bee families of Ukrainian and Carpathian breeds in the process of production of royal jelly of bees by the method of incomplete orphaning grow brood well, accept a significant number of grafted larvae for rearing, produce a sufficient amount of royal jelly, and their uteruses have high egg production. Royal jelly of Ukrainian bees contains less dry matter, fat and protein, but has a higher humidity and pH. Royal jelly contains a significant amount of organic acids and their derivatives, carbohydrates, amino acids, alcohols and esters, as well as a number of complex organic substances derived from hydrocarbons, amines and thiols. Among these compounds, 2-cyano-2-(31, 41, 51, 61-tetrahydro-1,3-thiazine)-2-ylidene, phenoxazine, N-methylindole, trimethylsilane, indole-3-methylcarboxaldehyde, 1 were detected for the first time in breast milk, 2,3-benzodioxythiol, 2-cyano-2-acetamide, 6-fluorobicycloctane, 1,2-propanediol, salinol and its derivatives. On the basis of the conducted researches the elements of technology of production of royal jelly are characterized, their sequence, volume and expenses of time and material resources for their performance are established. The application of the method of incomplete orphaning of bee colonies is substantiated, the calculation of economic efficiency of bee royal jelly production in the Foreststeppe zone is carried out.