Melnik O. Epidemic process of leptospirosis and improvement of epidemiological surveillance at the present stage (on the example of Odessa region)

The thesis for the degree of Candidate of Medical Sciences in the specialty 14.02.02 "Epidemiology". State Institution "Institute of Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases named after L.V. Gromashevsky, NAMS of Ukraine", Kiev, 2020. The thesis is devoted to the study of regional features of epidemic and epizootic processes in order to improve the epidemiological surveillance of leptospirosis. The features, stages and trends in the development of epidemic process of leptospirosis in Odessa region are established. The mapping of the prevalence of leptospirosis in the context of districts was carried out and the most endemic zones were identified. The prevalence of leptospirosis was mapped by district and the most endemic zones were identified. The study of quantitative and qualitative manifestations of the epidemic process was carried out. The role of the serological affiliation of the pathogen in the severity of the clinical picture of the disease was determined. The intensity of the spread of leptospirosis on the area of the North-Western Black Sea Region was studied and the mapping was carried out in the context of the districts. The differences in the dominant serological group within the region were established. Based on the results of epizootological monitoring of leptospirosis in the Odessa region, the peculiarities of the propagation of infected animals, the etiological spectrum of the pathogen and the relationship of the dominant pathogen in each species of animals and humans were determined. Epidemiological and epizootological zoning of the area according to the risk of infection was carried out. New approaches to improving the epidemiological surveillance of leptospirosis were developed. Key words: leptospirosis, incidence of leptospirosis, epidemic process, epidemiological and epizootological zoning, epidemiological surveillance.