Hryniuk V. Regularities of self-purification of natural watercourses within the influence of oil and gas enterprises (on the example of OPGD «Dolynanaftogaz»)

The current scientific and practical task of establishing patterns of natural watercourses self-purification within the oil and gas enterprises influence and environmental parameters taking into account, improving environmental monitoring of surface waters and methods of water purification from petroleum products was solved in the thesis. For the first time it was possible to establish the regularities of self-cleaning of small rivers of the Carpathian region, depending on changes in air temperature, obtained as a result of processing long-term hydrochemical monitoring data, that allows to make a forecast assessment of pollution of natural watercourses. The indicator of wastewater dilution intensity has been improved, which differs in that the coefficients that depend on the river velocity and water temperature value are taken into account, which ultimately allows to establish the degree of self-purification of surface waters from pollutants. On the basis of field research for the first time the regularity of oil products distribution in the right tributaries of the Dniester basin along the river with the possibility of further forecasting of surface water quality was established. A spatial cartographic model of oil products distribution in a natural watercourse has been built, which will make it possible to compile forecast maps of surface water self-purification in case of emergency oil spills and the ability to quickly make management decisions on the localization of pollutants. Methods of water purification have been further developed by improving devices for localization and elimination of oil pollution, which will improve the ecological condition of natural watercourses within the influence of oil and gas enterprises. Improved methods of water purification from petroleum products are based on the use of natural sorbents with subsequent waste disposal; device for localization and elimination of oil pollution on standing water by forming a float fence, which is connected to the mechanism for reducing the area of the oil slick and the device for collecting oil pollution from the water surface. The system of ecological monitoring of surface waters of the Carpathian region has been improved, which is an integral part of the environmental safety system at the level of an industrial enterprise for the purpose of improving the order to increase quality control of natural watercourses and forecast changes in their ecological condition.