The thesis is devoted to the study of the architectural and planning organization of innovation centers in world practice, on the basis of continental models, as well as in Iran and the CIS countries.
The social aspects of the scientific park structures’ development (hereinafter referred to as SPS) are covered in the work, a review of theoretical, normative materials and literature on the design and construction of innovative enterprises, generalized domestic and foreign experiences in designing, building and operating science and technology parks. A modern classification of the SPS is proposed, the main factors affecting the formation of SPS’ buildings are determined. Architectural and planning organization of the SPS with the establishment of functional and typological characteristics are Recommended. The main groups of science paks’ spaces and their planning parameters were clarified depending on the territorial size, type of architectural design and activity. The peculiarities of SPS design, consisting of town planning recommendations, proposals for general plans of sites are revealed. Suitable constructive solutions for various types of SPS buildings, architectural techniques for increasing energy efficiency, and architectural and artistic expressiveness based on the use of new construction technologies and the creation of modern architectural forms are proposed. Keywords: technopark, innovation center, scientific hotel, technopark structure, business incubator, research institute, experimental and massive production, architectural formation, functional organization, zoning. The principles of architectural and planning organization of the SPS have been developed: organization of functional zones; formation of industrial buildings and structures; safe placement of research and production buildings; expansion and reconstruction; modular regulation of innovative spaces; placement of public service buildings.
Methods of architectural design of buildings and structures of SPS have been devoted to recommendations for the architectural and planning schemes of different units of the SPS. Business incubators as an integral part of the SPS are designed for small and medium-sized companies active in the field of innovation. The schemes of organization of small and medium-sized companies are proposed, and the total area, area of their location and the number of small, medium and large companies on the territory of the SPS are determined.
The functional relationship of the premises of the SPS’ clusters, such as administrative, research, production, exhibition, technical and buildings of permanent and temporary residence, is revealed.
Methods of spatial planning organization for urban and complex SPS are proposed, based on three schemes: compact, unit and pavilion. The characteristics of the advantages and disadvantages of each of them are established.
The technical support of the SPS is revealed. Structural solutions have been developed that are suitable for the design of buildings of different clusters of SPS, including reinforced concrete frame, metal, wood, plastic and pneumatic structural systems. Energy saving methods for innovative buildings are recommended. Architectural planning schemes, geometric shapes and volumetric combinations of buildings are presented in order to reduce heat loss.
Revealed the techniques of architectural expressiveness of innovative buildings. Constructive, decorative and engineering techniques that create the style and expressiveness of objects with advanced technologies are listed.
