Sokol A. Biotechnological bases of bioimplant production for cardiac surgery

The dissertation is devoted to the study of existing and creation of new approaches to the production of bioimplants that can be used in modern cardiac surgery. A comprehensive assessment of the biotechnological production of the decellularized extracellular matrix of the bovine pericardium was carried out. Five technologies of decellularization using ionic, non-ionic detergents, and enzyme systems have been modified. It was shown that the extracellular matrix of the pericardium retains its integrity and physical and mechanical properties close to the native pericardium after the decellularization. An exception is the use of a high concentration of a one-component detergent sodium dodecyl sulfate, for which a violation of the architectonics of the scaffold is recorded. The quality of purification of the decellularized matrix from cells and their components was confirmed by histological, microscopic, and molecular genetic testing. The cytotoxic effect of scaffold on human cells was studied in vitro. The biocompatible properties of the implant were studied in laboratory animals in vivo. The efficiency of using the modified technology for obtaining the decellularized extracellular matrix of bovine pericardium based on a 0.1% solution of the ionic detergent sodium dodecyl sulfate and a cross-linking stage for modeling a cardioimplant has been confirmed.