The dissertation is devoted to the specifics and peculiarities of political transformations in the states of the Arabian Peninsula. The paper focuses on both
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domestic and foreign policy changes in the countries of a given region of the world, considering them in the context of regional and global development and foreign policy dimension.
The socio-political specificity of the countries of this region is determined, which is that it is on this peninsula that virtually all countries have stable traditions of state formation. Because of this, the phenomenon of "Islamization" of politics in general and of all kinds of political processes, in particular, are mostly present in them. That is why this feature leads to the impossibility of fully democratizing Arab countries in accordance with Western standards and thereby avoiding drastic changes in their political life.
A deeper understanding of the key political changes in the region, namely, the modernization of political systems, fundamental reforms in education and gender policies.
The dissertation in the process of working on this work identified three trends that contributed to the political transformations in the Arab countries: first, Western countries increasingly understand the impossibility of full translation of their own political ideals and values in the political systems of these countries; the West's inability to fully transfer its own models of political systems is due not only to the existence of stable traditions in the countries of the region, but also to the presence of its own history of formation and development of transformational processes in political life; Although it is generally accepted that Western politics, with its multifaceted nature, is a model for the whole world, the perception of them by the Arabian countries as absolutely correct for political transformations is quite contradictory and ambiguous.
The peculiarities and importance of educational reform in the Arab countries, which undoubtedly concerns not only the current state of socio-political life of the Arab countries, but also their future, are substantiated. It is at the level of educational and scientific institutions that active interaction with European and American relevant institutions began to take place, the system of academic mobility of teachers, students and scientists began to work, which testifies not to "closed" but to "openness" of this sphere of society in the studied region. Based on such close cooperation with foreign research and educational institutions, the infrastructure of universities and research institutions has expanded, and graduates of Arabian universities are becoming increasingly competitive in the labor market and in Western countries.
The dissertation proved the fundamental importance of reform in gender policy, which changed not only the understanding of the importance of women in the society of Arab countries, but also its role in the context of the formation and functioning of political processes and political institutions. Women are no longer the object but the subject of political life in the countries of the region, and thus a whole network of institutions has been created for this purpose, in which the best traditions of the Western understanding of gender policy have been implemented.
It were revealed the key peculiarities for foreign policy vector of Arabian regions. Accordingly, concertation and cooperation with Western (Europe and the USA) and / or Eastern (Russia, China, etc.) partners took place not only in the context of the functioning of certain countries in the activities of regional or world organizations, but also in accordance with the specifics of participation of that countries in their internal activities.
Key words: political transf
