Darmofal E. Reducing of an anthropogenic load on the atmospheric air by filtering mine emissions

The dissertation is devoted to increasing of the level of environmental safety by creating combined filtration systems. Several calculation schemes of dynamic air purifiers from dust have been studied and implemented. It is established that the degree of cleaning is influenced by the diameter of the annular channel, it’s frequency of rotation, the axial length of the cleaner and the size of the dust. The results of the calculations show that the proposed equipment has a degree of purification characteristic of barrier-type filters, and it does not seem to be difficult to further improvement of their cleaning characteristics. In the dissertation work are given the results of scientific and applied researches on development of system of ventilation of mine complexes by an innovative way of clearing of the dust and air mixtures, which is thrown out in atmospheric air, with observance of requirements of environmental safety. The results of the work have passed sufficient testing and are implemented, which is confirmed by the relevant acts. The methods for calculating the concentration of impurities from point sources of emissions under different operating conditions are analyzed. However, each of these methods has a limited scope. Revealed that the urgent task is to create a universal method of calculation, common to different types of sources. It is proved that the filtration of contaminated mine dust during it’s emissions into the atmosphere must be carried out in two stages. The first one should be cleaned of large dust particles, the second – of small, especially as these particles are the greatest danger to the respiratory tract. A method of cleaning environmentally hazardous ventilation emissions of mine complexes by creating combined filtration systems is proposed and substantiated. An information model has been developed, an important and rather complex scientific task has been solved to create reliable emission monitoring systems and ensure their trouble- free operation. Based on theoretical and experimental research was confirmed that the bulk of mine dust in emissions has a particle size in the range of 1–10 μm, which causes the maximum permissible dust concentration to be exceeded by 1.2–2.0 times at the boundary of the mine protection zone. Based on the analysis of the obtained data, it becomes obvious that the proposed method of filtration of ventilation emissions of mine air is environmentally friendly and feasible. The index of filtration of ventilation emissions of mine air provides effective capture of fine dust particles (1–10 μm) by 95–99%.