Moskva I. Improvement of the elements of agricultural machinery for the cultivation of spring rice in the conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine

The dissertation is devoted to the study of the formation of the productivity of rice seeds of the spring variety Stepna 1, depending on the use of biologics, as a factor in increasing the yield and improving the biochemical quality of grain in the conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine. The peculiarities of growth and development of spring red plants depending on optimisation of nutrition based on resource saving have been investigated. Dynamics of increase of above-ground biomass of plants, area of leafy surface in main interfacial periods of growth depending on factors are established. It was found that plants of spring reggia, when optimizing nutrition, significantly more effectively used reserves of soil moisture and precipitation of the growing season. The coefficient of water consumption compared to uncomfortable plant crops decreased on average from studies to 40 % or more, which is extremely important for the conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine. The maximum yield of spring ridge seeds was obtained at the level of 1.6 t/ha during pre-treatment of plants three times by Escort-Bio. High indicators of economic and energy efficiency of spring rice cultivation were determined, which indicates the feasibility of using biologics for pre-treatment of seeds and three extracurricular fertilizers of plants in the main vegetation phases by Escort-Bio biologic preparation. The seeds of this option contained almost the most fat, and its conditional collection per hectare was high. Key words: red spring, optimization of nutrition, biologics, growth processes of plants, water consumption, yield and quality of grain, economic and energy efficiency