Luzhanska N. Improvement of Operational Efficiency of Cargo Customs Complexes

The dissertation focuses on the improvement of cargo customs complexes` operating efficiency based on the integrated solution of the problems of customs and logistic servicing provided to enteritis in the transport service market. Such an approach will affect the development of the county`s foreign economic potential; it will ensure a high level of confidence in customs authorities` activities; it will also allow the effective organization of international cargo transportation and the establishment of strategic directions for improving internal processes at customs and logistics infrastructure facilities. In order to determine the demand for services provided by cargo customs complexes by the regions of Ukraine, we use the cluster analysis method to assess their economic development level. It contributes to the design of a system of differentiated measures for each regional cluster with high, average and low foreign economic activity levels The paper analyses the behavioral strategies adopted by entities in the market for transport service when organizing international road transport, which are guided by the following efficiency criteria: cost, duration, quality and reliability of service. Based on the results of the expert commentary investigation, we have found that there are four types of logistics chains that are most commonly used in foreign trade operations. One of such logistics chains implies the involvement of cargo customs complexes in comprehensive customs and logistics servicing provided when exporting goods. Along with this, there arises a question on what cargo customs complex should be used since they differ in their technical, technological and organizational support. To solve this problem, we have developed a method for benchmark cargo customs complex selection, which consists in the study and comparison of technical and operational indicators of this customs and logistics infrastructure facility in order to assess possibilities for cooperation. The paper presents a simulation model built in the GPSS World automation package to substantiate the choice of an optimal logistics chain, with a cargo customs complex as its link, when issuing customs clearance for the export or import of goods, providing comprehensive customs and logistics service and placing cargo in a customs warehouse or a temporary storage warehouse. The given simulation model makes it possible to determine the characteristics of the four types of logistics chains; average performance time for each link of a logistic chain; total cargo delivery time using different logistics chains; efficiency of the four types of logistics chains; performance indicators of a cargo customs complex according to a particular type of service. A decisive factor for entities in the market for transport services in their decision to use a cargo customs complex as part of a logistics chain is reliability. The latter is defined as an assessment of the probability of the timely execution of individual operations and the whole process. In accordance with this requirement, the simulation model allows determining the reliability of a logistics chain and a cargo customs complex as well as of their individual elements and a logistics chain structure with optimal reliability characteristics under certain limitations. Thus, the developed simulation model allows entities in the transport service market to organize and plan foreign trade operations taking into account the necessary efficiency indicators required for cargo customs complexes, and influences the formation of a logistics chain structure.