Kublii M. Animal husbandry and hunting in Kyiv during the Kyivan Rus period based on bone materials.

The dissertation research highlights and summarizes the main characteristics of animal husbandry and hunting among the inhabitants of Kyiv in the X-XIII centuries in the context of synchronous settlements of the Middle Dnieper and neighboring territories. The work is the result of a comprehensive study of animal bones remains from Kyiv and other archaeological sites of the Kyivan Rus period. Its relevance is determined by the lack of research on this topic using interdisciplinary approaches. The complex nature of this study is ensured by the integration of zoological, archaeological and historical data and is based on modern, somewhat expanded and refined by the author, methods of processing materials using statistical methods of data analysis. In the course of this dissertation research, numerous bone remains of mammals obtained by archaeologists over the last decade were identified, analyzed, and put into scientific circulation. The work is based on osteological collections from the territory of Kyiv, namely from the sites located in Spaska street, Desyatynny lane and Lukyanivska street. In addition, new original materials from other Kyivan Rus sites were studied and used for comparison. In total, the author processed 11,672 fragments of mammal bones. The faunal data from Kyivan Rus and neighboring territories, previously published by other researchers, were also used. Following the traces of human activity on the bones and the nature of their application, other directions of use of livestock products after the slaughter of the animal have been established. In particular, traces on the bones of cows and small cattle indicate the removal and use of their skins. Horn covers and bones of cows were used in the bone carving craft, also glues were made from horn covers. Finds of the bone blanks for skates made from the cow or horse metapodia indicate their production directly on the site. Deer and elk antlers also served as raw materials for goods production, and their number in the sites testifies to the development of bone carving craft in Kyiv during the period of Kyivan Rus.