Hvadzhaia B. Increasing the level of environmental safety of the population by architectural and constructive means (by noise factor)

The dissertation presents the scientific research results on the methods development and tools for assessing, forecasting and reducing air pollution of urban ecosystems, which is formed due to noise from highways and other noise sources in areas and premises located in residential and public buildings. According to the field measurements results of acoustic enclosing structures characteristics in the reverberation chamber of PSACEA, the features of the influence of the protective building structure thickness on the value of the sound insulation index of air Rw and transport noise RAtran are determined. This is the basis for substantiation of the recommendation to supplement item 6.2.3 of Building code B.1.2-10-2008 with requirements for confirmation of the corresponding acoustic efficiency of RAtrans in domestic certificates. Proposals to formulas (7) and (8) of the State standards of Ukraine (DSTU) -N B V.1.1-34: 2013 "Guidelines for the calculation and design of sound insulation of enclosing structures of residential and public buildings" are proposed: the width of the air gap (dn) must be not less than 15 mm for glass and 20 mm for metal, asbestos- cement, gypsum plasterboard, gypsum fiber, chipboard, fiberboard and similar materials. A new concept for calculating the actual reverberation time in the frequency range of 125, 500 and 2000 Hz will provide a minimum error when calculating the basic sound absorption characteristics of individual rooms. An algorithm for taking into account changes in noise characteristics on the main highways of Dnipro city and determining the best insulation of airborne noise by external walls with window fillings and other elements of building facades has been developed. An express method for determining the required category of windows by their acoustic efficiency (A – E in dB) on different floors for different facades of the building has been developed, which significantly reduces the time for calculations and more reasonably decides to install the required category of noise protection windows in the building.