The dissertation research is devoted to the study of the ethics of the socio-cultural psychoanalyst, humanistic philosopher, and neo-Freudian E. Fromm in a religious vein. In the course of the research, the theological-religious and moral-ethical features of the thinking of Erich Fromm were determined.
Modern science requires a systematic and integrative approach; it seeks to seek unity in the fragmented; calls into question the obvious and the familiar. However, the summation of special knowledge is not enough for this. A lot of information in itself does not have a single meaningful basis; it does not imply the presence of clearly delineated boundaries, within which the entire body of fundamental knowledge would be contained. Many researchers write that a person, his inner world and spirituality, value orientations, and religious and theological views must be understood as certain integrity. The importance of this understanding of the problem is said by most of those who turn to this topic. However, we are moving very slowly beyond the general statement. The essence of the matter usually comes down to a call for a comprehensive study of a person, to develop a synthesized, generalized, integral view of a person as a result of an interdisciplinary approach.
The creative legacy of E. Fromm is a very successful attempt to form a subjectively rich, spiritual, healthy, holistic, and versatile personality. He tries to reorient the modern man towards the comprehension of personal individuality, which can only be attested by the ethical-existential, socio-psychological, and theological-religious experiences of the individual. The author analyzed the theoretical and methodological developments of scientists who were engaged in psychoanalytic and ethical issues, highlighted specific theological and religious aspects in the works of Russian researchers, and highlighted the intersection points of humanistic tendencies in the views of E. Fromm and the ideas of Christianity.
In the dissertation work, it was proved that Fromm's ethics is focused on global thinking, which is based on the implementation of the principle of religious humanism, which opens up multiple prospects for the development of the wealth of human nature. Thanks to his efforts, a scientific-theoretical, theological-religious, and socio-psychological turn towards an ethical dominant were accomplished on a grand scale. The value priority of the humanitarian branches of knowledge with the breadth of theological and religious problems is the evidence of today.
In the proposed study, an attempt was made to identify healthy, true human needs, which in reality are often replaced by false, artificial desires. Being a person presupposes courage not only to be yourself but also to be honest with yourself, others, and God. Relying on his uniqueness, a person chooses certain paths for his existence, where false forms of self-identification very often arise. Psychological mechanisms were identified: masochistic, sadistic, destructive, and conformist, which became the foundation for many types of unproductive orientation. A person tries to “have”, “possess”, and “consume beyond measure” to the detriment of the truth of his being. A person can renounce himself as a person, a similar phenomenon Fromm is called "alienation", which, in the context of our time, has become a mass phenomenon.
It was found that Fromm's psychological research, being a supporting theoretical structure for many philosophical socio-cultural and theological-religious studies both in our country and abroad, can be used as the basis for the practical implementation of projects for the creation of a person by various social and religious institutions. The breadth of philosophical views, the dialogic nature of social and psychological thinking, and the high theological and religious tolerance of E. Fromm are the value basis for uniting scientists for the further development and implementation of his project "psychoanalytic humanism". A religious analysis of Fromm's ethics, due to its scale and humanistic orientation, requires its further development, both in the research activities of a person and in his everyday sociocultural life as a whole, which maintains dialogical relations with the world.
The results of the proposed dissertation research can be used as a basis for further scientific research in the field of religious studies, philosophy, theology, ethics, psychology of religion, anthropology, sociology, and cultural studies.
