Pozniak V. Agrotechnological measures to increase the yield of winter wheat in the northern Steppe

1. Object of research: processes of growth, development and formation of grain yield of Spivanka winter wheat depending on the complex influence of the predecessor, seed sowing rate, soil fertilization system and various options for the use of modern restrictive drugs. The purpose of research: The purpose of the research was to develop and scientifically substantiate technological methods to increase the yield of winter wheat in the northern steppe with the optimal combination of predecessors, seeding rates, soil fertilization systems and modern restorative drugs. Research methods: general science: field; laboratory; measuring and weight; computational and methods of mathematical statistics: variance, correlation and graphical display of data. Also used special: dialectical, hypothesis, synthesis, induction, statistical, observation, economic and mathematical. Results: developed and proposed scientifically sound recommendations for improving the technology of growing winter wheat in the northern steppe of Ukraine with the integrated application of appropriate soil fertilization system, the optimal rate of sowing seeds and promising restorative drugs when placing its crops after different predecessors (black steam, winter wheat). The obtained research results and developed recommendations were tested and implemented during 2015-2017 in the farm "Scythian" on an area of 244 hectares and in the fields of the State Agrarian University of Ukraine under a joint venture agreement with LLC "Dubrava" on an area of 100 hectares, where they were confirmed high efficiency (received a net profit of 7355.0 UAH / ha, the level of profitability was more than 30%). Novelty: for the first time for the conditions of the northern steppe of Ukraine the peculiarities of growth, plant development and formation of winter wheat grain under different predecessors depending on the complex action of fertilizer levels, seeding rates and growth-regulating drugs were established; the regime of moisture supply of winter wheat crops under different predecessors depending on the levels of fertilizer, seeding rates and growth-regulating preparations is determined. The establishment of regularities of winter wheat grain formation under the influence of restrictive drugs and other agrotechnical measures, determination of economic efficiency of modern drugs regulating the processes of growth and development of this crop in arid conditions of the northern steppe has been further developed. Field: agricultural sciences.