Martkoplishvili M. Peculiarities of emission of chemically active nitrogen compounds in crop production of the Southern Steppe Region of Ukraine

The paper provides a theoretical generalization and proposes a new practical solution to the scientific problem, which is to study measures to preserve and increase the activity of nitrogen fertilizers (destructor, nitrification inhibitor, foliar fertilization) and their impact on growth and development, yield and quality of corn grain. It was found that experimental factors significantly influenced the formation of photosynthetic characteristics of maize crops. Thus, the best values of photosynthetic potential, in the interphase period of 15 leaves - flowering cobs, were observed in the use of the destructor "StimOrganic" 2 l/ha in combination with urease inhibitor (nitrification) Stabiluren (Stabiluren 30) and foliar feeding 1 l/Aminoma 0.99 thousand m2/ha, and on the variant of application Aidamin complex 2 l/ha, respectively 1.00 thousand m2/ha. It was found that the foliar feeding of maize plants with urea 14 kg/ha + Aminomax 1 l/ha protein content in corn grain was 10.0-10.4%, and the combination of urea with Aidamine complex 2 l/ha, respectively 10.2-10.8%. It was also investigated that the application of the destructor "StimOrganic" 2 l / ha and urease inhibitor (nitrification) Stabiluren (Stabiluren 30) did not significantly affect the formation of protein content in corn grain. But the maximum starch content was observed with the use of the destructor "StimOrganic" 2 l/ha and urease inhibitor (nitrification) Stabiluren (Stabiluren 30) in combination with Aminomax or Aidamine complex - 73.8% and 74.0%, respectively. It was investigated that the application of StimOrganic stubble destructor 2 l/ha as well as urease inhibitor Stabiluren (Stabiluren 30) and foliar fertilization Aminomax contributed to the formation of a profit of 17163 UAH/ha at the cost of one ton of grain – 4848 UAH, at the same time combined application Aidamin complex provided the best values of profit and cost: 18803 UAH/ha and 4661 UAH in accordance. Complex application of StimOrganic stubble destructor 2 l/ha and urease inhibitor Stabiluren (Stabiluren 30) with foliar feeding Aminomax received energy of 80.76 GJ yield, and the energy efficiency ratio was 2.04, but with the introduction of Aidamin complex obtained the best results of the experiment and, accordingly, accumulated with a yield of 83.51 GJ / ha and KEE was 2.09. Key words: corn for grain, yield, chemically active nitrogen, destructor, foliar feeding, economic and bioenergy efficiency.