In the dissertation research the theoretical substantiation and the new decision of a problem of preparation of future teachers for design and technological activity of senior pupils is carried out.
Based on the analysis of psychological-pedagogical, methodological and special literature, a theoretical analysis of the problem of preparing future teachers for design and technological activities in pedagogical theory and practice was carried out.
The efficiency of this process is proved; the mechanisms of increase of indicators of levels of readiness of future teachers for project-technological activity of senior pupils through introduction of the designed technique and introduction into educational process of a special course “Project-technological activity of senior pupils at technology lessons” are improved.
The dissertation reveals the semantic characteristics of design and technological activities, in particular a detailed terminological analysis of the essence of the concepts “project”, “design technology”, “activity”, “design and technological activity” and characterized the development of design technology and design and technological activities in domestic and foreign pedagogical science and practice, which gives grounds to formulate within the framework of the developed topic the current conceptual field and to define the general framework and worldviews of the project-technological activity, which makes it possible to make it possible activities.
In the process of research it was found that the organization of design and technological activities is carried out in a certain sequence and consists of stages that are interconnected and most effectively reveal the sequence of project development and implementation: organizational and preparatory (problem search, ideas and options, formation of basic parameters, selection of the optimal option, forecasting future results), design (sketching, development of design and technological documentation, selection of materials, choice of tools and equipment, workplace organization, economic and environmental justification, mini-marketing research), technological (performance of technological operations, self-control of its activities, compliance with technological, labor discipline, work culture, quality assessment of design options) and final (adjustment of the product) compared to the planned, project testing, design, self-assessment of the project and its protection).
As a result of the used research methods it was found that the effectiveness of the design and technological approach, which significantly changes the perception of the methodology of technology training, is provided under such organizational and methodological conditions as: long-term and current planning of design and technological activities; fulfillment by students of the main stages of design and technological activities; creation of a bank of ideas and information about design objects; providing each applicant with a free choice of design objects and mode of technological activity; constant stimulation by the teacher of design and technological activity of senior pupils; rationing for the manufacture of design objects; implementation of a personality-oriented approach and ensuring the development of creative potential of high school students in technology lessons during the implementation of creative projects; organic combination of individual, pair and group forms of creative projects; formation of high school students' skills of independent activity; providing appropriate theoretical, practical and methodological training of future teachers for design and technological activities of high school students.
The content of each organizational and pedagogical condition provides a clear, consistent and methodologically competent construction of the educational process of organization of design and technological activities of high school students.
The results of the study make it possible to say that the developed methodology for intensifying the process of preparing future teachers for design and technological activities of high school students, proved to be effective and pedagogically appropriate.
