Klieshch A. Optimization of the territorial structure of land use in Kharkiv using the landscape-ecological planning

The dissertation research is devoted to the scientific substantiation of directions and measures of optimization of the territorial structure of land use of the city of Kharkiv for maintenance of environmental sustainability and ecological resilience as the goals of sustainable development. The expediency of using landscape-ecological planning as a part of the practice of development of documents of territorial development of the city is substantiated and the adapted algorithm of its carrying out taking into account features of urban landscapes is offered. A comprehensive inventory of physical and geographical conditions was made, which allowed summarizing the data on the main features of the geological and geomorphological structure, genetic traits of soil and vegetation of the territory currently occupied by the city. The morphometric analysis of the relief of the territory of Kharkiv was carried out by means of GIS-technologies with the use of parameters of absolute height, slope, exposure, planned, profile and general curvature of the relief. The composition and parameters of the natural (to urban transformation) genetic-morphological, basin and position-dynamic territorial structures of the urban landscape are determined, the corresponding cartographic models are concluded. The general features and peculiarities of temporal and functional heterogeneity of the territorial structure of Kharkiv land use have been established, which have made it possible to determine the basic regularities of its development. For the needs of assessment of natural and anthropogenic territorial structures of the urban landscape for the whole territory, differentiation was carried out according to the duration of urbanization transformation, the geochemical survey of the soil surface layer of the whole territory of Kharkiv was carried out according to indicators of pH, content of humus, chloride and bicarbonate ions. Determining the degree of anthropogenic transformation of the landscape and research to determine the content of mobile forms of some heavy metals in the assessment phase was carried out on the example of individual sections of the city (parts of the basins of the Uda and Lopan rivers, respectively). Based on the results of the inventory and evaluation stages of the study, the zoning of the city of Kharkiv was performed and the directions of optimization of the land use structure for each type of zones were substantiated. A project of water protection zoning of the Uda River within the city limits and recommendations on normalization of anthropogenic load on protected objects located on the territory of the city have been developed. Keywords: optimization, territorial structures of the landscape, urban landscape, landscape-ecological planning, water protection zoning, urban territories, objects of the nature reserve fund.