Leshchenko V. Optimization calculation and constructive geometric models of hollow-wall blocks

The dissertation on competition of a scientific degree of the candidate of technical sciences on a specialty 05.01.01 – applied geometry, engineering graphics. – Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture. – Kyiv, 2021. The dissertation is devoted to the development of optimization calculation and constructive geometric models of multi-hollow wall blocks and to the improvement of the process of designing energy-efficient enclosing wall structures in general. The theory of architectural and construction design of energy-efficient enclosing structures due to the use of optimization computational and structural geometric models of multi-hollow wall blocks was further developed in the work. The current state of design of energy-efficient wall enclosures is analyzed, which allowed to determine the prospects for further new research. Based on the existing analytical-geometric models, the approach to the thermophysical component of designing energy-efficient wall blocks with a complex multi-hollow structure is generalized. A mathematical device for calculating the thermophysical parameters of wall ceramic blocks based on their geometric models. The proposed mathematical apparatus illustrates the rules of preserving the basic properties of thermal and mechanical properties of energy-efficient multi-hollow wall blocks during their development. The proposed principle of searching for thermal conductivity allows to provide high and uniform heat transfer resistance over the entire plane of the wall structure, regardless of the shape of the building in plan. The bases of optimization geometrical modeling of constructive parameters of energy-efficient wall blocks are developed. Using the proposed approaches to the construction of appropriate geometric models of internal material partitions of multi-hollow wall blocks, it is possible to achieve a given heat transfer resistance of enclosing structures, minimizing energy losses through them. Recommendations for the practical use of the created complex geometric models are developed. The proposed algorithms are based on minimizing the loss of the transfer component of the heat transfer process. This does not take into account the radiation component of heat exchange between adjacent walls and convective heat transfer due to air circulation in the cavities between these walls due to their negligible impact on the overall heat exchange between the building and the environment. The approach proposed in the work is based on studies of real structures, which ensures the adequacy of the results. This ensures the correct application of models and methods of applied geometry and numerical modeling in the implementation of scientific results in the production and educational process. The obtained scientific results are implemented in the production and educational process. The result of the implementation is to increase the efficiency of the process of designing wall enclosures from multi-hollow energy efficient units.