Kulyk A. Design of entrance groups of built-in service objects (on the example of trade enterprises).

The dissertation research is devoted to the problem of formation of entrance groups of service enterprises, built - in and built - in to the first floors of apartment houses, and features of their design. The paper provides a scientific and methodological assessment of the historiography of research problems and considers its terminological aspects. The dissertation provides a scientific and methodological assessment of the historiography of research problems. The analysis of literature sources and the degree of their development in relation to the research topic showed that there are no works that would directly and comprehensively consider the design of the incoming groups of built-in trade enterprises from the standpoint of today. The evolution of the formation of input groups of embedded service objects is traced. Their emergence and development were due to the expansion of trade relations and the constant increase in the number of urban population and the growth of its social needs. The terminological aspects of the problem are considered and generalized. and the conceptual apparatus in this subject. Introduced its own definition of "design of incoming groups of embedded service objects". A set of research methods used in the dissertation was identified. The research methodology covers a set of modern general scientific and special research methods.The main factors influencing the formation of input groups of embedded service objects are identified and systematized, and current trends in the formation and development of their design are summarized on the example of domestic and foreign experience Their general classification is determined by the following features: location in the structure of the city; by the degree of embedding; by location relative to the facade of the house; by functional purpose and type of service; by size and number of population served; by a set of elements and equipment; by means of architectural composition; by type of three-dimensional solution; by form of ownership. Functional, architectural-construction, safety, artistic- aesthetic, innovative-technological elements of design of entrance groups of the built-in service enterprises are revealed. The main compositional-spatial methods of forming the entrance groups of built-in service facilities are defined, which are divided into those that are built on the nuance or contrast in relation to the facade of a residential building. The necessity of using the following means of architectural composition is proved: symmetry and asymmetry; rhythm and meter; subordination, co-scale and proportionality of the first non-residential floor of the idea of the facade of the whole building; synthesis of arts (use of fine, decorative-applied and landscape art).The main principles of formation of entrance groups of built-in service objects are: the principle of compositional and stylistic unity of the entrance group with the facades of a residential building; the principle of emphasis of the input group; the principle of informativeness of the entrance space; the principle of integration of the input group with internal and external space and environment; the principle of accessibility and unimpeded movement of visitors and consumers of services. The focus is on color and lighting solutions, which should be considered in conjunction with other means of architectural composition and technical equipment of the entrance groups of built-in objects. The influence of the color of the texture of the walls, advertising, etc. on the viewer in the process of perception of the input groups is considered. As a result, methodological proposals have been developed for the design of incoming groups of service enterprises built into the first floors of residential buildings. Features of design of entrance groups of the built-in enterprises of trade are comprehensively considered in the context of formation of modern design culture and world progressive tendencies of development of art history and architecture. Keywords: entrance groups, built-in and built-in-attached to the first floors of residential buildings, service facilities, design, environment, compositional and spatial structure.