Karpenko S. Normalization of environmental impact of noise and emissions from compressor stations of the main gas pipelines

The thesis is devoted to efficiency of means and methods to control the impact of noise and emissions on environment from the compressor stations of the gas pipelines. The cleaning methods of the rotor blades and compressor apparatus of gas turbines from their surface contamination have been studied by the application of environmentally friendly materials, as well as the factors and sources of physical and chemical air pollution from compressor stations. The possibility of using polydisperse granules of amorphous ice (size of 2 to 5 mm) to clean the surface of the blades of axial compressors of gas turbines from contamination during their maintenance and repair is theoretically substantiated and experimentally proved. It is realized due to the cumulative effect of granules in contact with the solid surface of the blades. A device for obtaining ice polydispersed granules and a special device for cleaning the surfaces have been developed and patented. It is shown that gas pumping units in general are complex and stationary noise sources, they are studied experimentally and using a developed calculation model. The dependences of sound levels from effective flux resistance σe (10…20000 kPa s/m2 depending on the type of surface), which is used to determine the impedance of the surface covering that reflects sound rays, were studied and given in the thesis. The calculation model of air pollution concentrations produced by emissions from stationary sources of compressor stations has been improved by specifying the effective height of emission sources in the absence of a vertical component of the gas volume flowing from the source per unit time and only gas uplift due to Archimedes forces defined by the temperature difference between the exhaust gases and the ambient air. Key words: environmental protection, compressor station, gas turbine installation, noise, air pollution, stationary source, calculation model, measurement.