Object of research: extension of genetic basis of wheat varieties by distant hybridization with representatives of related species and genera. Aim of the research: to reveal value of wheat synthetics with genomic structure ABD of tetraploid wheat species with Ae. tauschii Coss. as a source material for breeding of bread spring wheat in the eastern part of forest-steppe of Ukraine; to disclose the nature of morphological and biochemical traits inheritance in the offspring of hybrids from crossing synthetics with bread wheat; to reveal the expression and variability of productivity and its elements in the constant lines selected from hybrids of synthetics with bread spring wheat; evaluate the water holding capacity of leaves and ears of constant lines; determine the value of constant lines by grain quality traits. Subject of research: breeding value of synthetics with genomic structure ABD (2n = 42) of tetraploid wheat species with Ae. tauschii Coss. as a source material for the spring bread wheat breeding. Research methods: general scientific, field, special, laboratory, mathematical and statistical. Novelty: For the first time in Ukraine, an important scientific problem has been solved to reveal the breeding value of synthetics of the genomic structure ABD of tetraploid wheat species with Ae. tauschii Coss. (2n = 42) for bread spring wheat breeding on a complex of traits of productivity, drought resistance, grain quality traits. Introgression of genes controlling economic and biological traits from synthetics into bread spring wheat was performed and constant lines were obtained which are carriers of high yields and its elements. The peculiarities of the traits inheritance and transgressive variability of productivity traits in hybrid progenies of synthetics with bread spring wheat have been disclosed. The prospects of research on the use of synthetic wheat in breeding programs are determined. Results: On the basis of the disclosed breeding laws, in co-authorship, the lines were created DK 23, DK 39 for which the certificates of the National Centre for Plant Genetic Resources of Ukraine on genepool accessions registration in Ukraine. There are selected and included in the collection of the National Plant Gene Bank of Ukraine the lines: DC 33, DC 36, DC 47h, DC 47b, DC 49, DCS 2, DCS 3, DCS 6, DCS 7, DCS 9, DCS 10; the lines DK 4 and DK 6 - for breeding of intensive varieties of bread spring wheat with a positive reaction to agronomic measures; the lines DK 34 and DK 39 - in breeding for grain weight per ear and weight of 1000 grains; the lines DK 30, DK 31, DK 34, DK 37, DK 39, DK 48 - as sources of the reduced moisture yield of leaves in breeding for drought resistance; the lines DK 21, DK 23, DK 30, DKS 16, DKS 17, DKS 18, DKS 20 - in breeding to improve grain quality. Degree of implementation: The created lines are included in the collection of the National Plant Gene Bank of Ukraine. Promising breeding lines were used in breeding researches of the Department of Genetics, Breeding and Seed Production of the Kharkiv National Agrarian University named after V. V. Dokuchayev, Department for Plant Protection of the Faculty of Agrotecnology and Nature Management of the Sumy National Agrarian University, Laboratory for Spring Wheat Breeding of the Myronivsky Wheat Institute named after V. M. Remeslo. Scope of implementation: breeding and research, educational institutions.
