Bezpalyi I. . Experimental substantiation of biotechnological methods for increasing the productivity of bees and improving the quality of honey in the process of its maturation

In the dissertation work, on the basis of experimental data based on the research results, a number of scientific and practical works were carried out to develop biotechnological methods and techniques aimed at increasing the productivity of bees and the quality of honey, expanded the understanding of the processes of converting nectar into honey in a bee nest under different conditions of honey collection and strength of families. The biological regularities of water extraction from nectar for the actions of bees during the transfer to the hive have been established. It has been proven that most of the excess moisture (60.3–66.0 %) is lost during the first day, and the inversion of sucrose occurs gradually with the accumulation of 72.8–73.2 % of monosaccharides on the 7th day of honey ripening. It has been proven that in strong families, after the third day of nectar processing, an advance of sucrose hydrolysis and accumulation of monosugar is observed in comparison with weak ones. A technology has been developed for immobilizing invertase by adsorption and the formation of covalent bonds with milk whey powder. The retention of the catalytic activity of the immobilized invertase is 68.54 % compared to the native form. It has been proven that the best way to use invertase immobilized on dry whey to accelerate the honey maturation process is to spray it into the honeycomb cells as part of the sugar syrup. The introduction of the immobilized enzyme contributes to the formation of 80.46 % of monosaccharides, which is 5.63 % more than with traditional technology.