The methodological provisions for forming and implementing the state policy in the field of public health are determined. The characteristics of public health as an object of public administration are substantiated. The sphere includes both public and private measures which are taken to prevent disease, improve health and prolong the life of population on the whole. It also determines the organizational and special functions of the state policy in the field under investigation, as well as their distribution on the national and regional levels. It develops the conceptual, functional and organizational model of Ukraine’s public health system which reflects the organizational structures that implement the policy in the sphere of public health. It also highlights their generalized functions and determines the assigned purpose through the generalization of the complex goal which is to use strategic planning and provide the development of public health system in the country, as well as the provision of monitoring and reacting to chemical and nuclear threats, radiation and bioterrorism-related threats, life-threatening infectious diseases; public health and epidemic situation monitoring and assessment, the determination of the causes for poor health of the population; the development and introduction of complex programmes for health care, risk management and disease prevention.
It reveals the theoretical provisions for the coordination of health care system and the state policy in the sphere of public health. It substantiates the functions and aims of health care system in public health provision through the setting of relevant goals and determining the conditions of optimal financing within the regulatory framework. The description of the representative qualities of public health system such as significance, financial capacity, complexity and conservatism is given. It also determines the objective inevitable factors which hinder or complicate the reforms in the sphere, specifically: global problems of health care system in the 3d millennium, economic problems, ecological threats, personnel problems, primary care and prophylaxis, availability, quality problems. The priority directions of health care reform are substantiated. They identify basically guaranteed level of medical care, the priority of primary care, maternal and child health, preventive measures, the promotion of healthy lifestyles, the efficiency of state funding, the introduction of compulsory health insurance and the protection of the population from financial risks, the efficiency of health care, the quality of medical service, as well as general health care availability. It was substantiated that public health system should be reoriented from disease and its treatment to protection and improvement of public health. As a result Ukraine should shift its focus in health care from treatment policy to health promotion and disease prevention policy. The main task in the field of public health is to reduce morbidity and to promote healthy lifestyles among the population. It was proved that forming social and individual intention to have positive health lifestyles as a priority, having the health ideal as the sense of life and social prestige of the nation,”reestablishment” of the social system on the whole is an important prerequisite for positive demographic changes, reducing the mortality rate, first of all for people of active working age. It is both a significant reserve for increasing life expectancy and a resource for economic development. It has been verified that applying modern models of reform management serves as an impetus for reforms and healthcare system transition to new mechanisms of functioning which is the process of innovation introduction aimed at the transition from an ideal model to the real one, taking into account emergency, global challenges and epidemic crisis that has engulfed the global health system due to the spread of Covid-19. In this connection it is proved that the role of public administration in forming public health and national security is undeniable. So it is important to take all the necessary measures for managerial efficiency and state approach in addressing the issues of international threats in health care and functioning of a well-established system of counteraction to these threats in Ukraine.
