On the basis of literary and experimental research results, the production of beekeeping products was optimized and improved in the conditions of man-made load on nectar-pollen-bearing lands, which contributed to the increase in the use of the nectar-pollen-bearing base in the spring period and the reduction of the content of heavy metals (lead, cadmium) and trace elements (zinc and copper) in honey, bee pollen, pollen and homogenates of drone larvae. It was found that in the conditions of the nectar-pollen-bearing agricultural lands of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe, the light-gray forest soils are characterized by the highest levels of lead and cadmium. Deep tillage (28–30 cm) compared to surface tillage (10–14 cm) affects the reduction of the content of heavy metals. In the conditions of the investigated nectar-pollen-bearing lands of Vinnytsia region, it was found that the vegetative mass of sunflower had a higher content of lead by 42.6 %, cadmium by 2.0 times, zinc by 16.1 %, and copper by 24.0 % compared to winter rape, compared to buckwheat – 2.2 times, 2.3 times, by 27.6 % and 37.8 %, respectively. The production of commercial honey from rapeseed and forbs made up 18.5 %, buckwheat and forbs – 13.5 %, sunflower and forbs – 72.3 %. Based on the results of the research, it was established that the intensity of accumulation of heavy metals and trace elements in honey depended on the botanical origin of the nectarine, the level of mineral substances and the manmade load on the soil. The honey produced from the nectar of garden honeybees and winter rape has a lower content of heavy metals. The increase in ash in sunflower honey increased the content of lead by 14.3 % and cadmium by 23.8 % compared to rapeseed honey. The man-made influence of military actions increased the content of heavy metals in the soil of agricultural nectarine, which caused the concentration of lead in copper to increase by 3.6 times, cadmium by 2.6 times, and zinc by 2.0 times. It was found that the production of bee honey from winter rapeseed and forbs accounted for 54.6 %, buckwheat and forbs – 27.0 %, sunflower and forbs – 18.4 %. Bee honey from winter rape had the lowest content of heavy metals. A higher content of lead and cadmium was found in the water-insoluble fraction of bee pollen from the pollen of grass pollinators compared to tree pollinators. As a result of the manmade load of military operations, lead in the soil increased by 3.74 times, cadmium – by 2.7 times, and zinc – by 1.9 times, there was an increase in the content of these elements in bee pollen by 15.6 times, 6.6 times and 1.8 times, respectively. It was established that in the conditions of the nectar-pollen-bearing lands of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe in the studied territories of Vinnytsia region, 54.5 % of the production of pollen from winter rapeseed and forage accounts for 27.2 % of buckwheat and forage, 18.2 % of sunflower and forage. The main production of homogenate of drone larvae (77 %) occurs during the flowering period of linden and buckwheat. It was found that the pollen and homogenate of drone larvae are the least contaminated with heavy metals during the flowering period of winter rapeseed and forage. It was found that in honey, bee honey and pollen produced during the flowering period of the main nectar pollinator of winter rape, the content of lead is lower by 34.6 %, 26.0 and 24.4 %, cadmium – by 37.5 %, 43.2 and 46.1 %, zinc – by 47.6 %, 8.8 and 1.7 %, copper – by 41.3 %, 8.6 and 9.7 % compared to the flowering period of buckwheat, and compared to with the flowering period of sunflower lead – by 15.0 %, 33.3 and 30.3%, cadmium – by 23.1%, 50.0 and 48.7 %, zinc – by 35.8 %, 29, 7 and 25.6 %, copper – by 28.1 %, 28.8 and 11.1 %, respectively. Formation of fodder reserves for the winter period by replenishing them at the expense of feeding bees with sugar syrup during the period of supporting honey collection before the flowering of sunflowers contributed to the increase in the development of bee families and the preservation of their strength.
