Kovalenko S. The reason and mechanism of hypertonic cryohemolises phenomenon

The object of a investigation is the donor human erythrocytes. The purpose of a research - construction of a model of the hypertonic cryohemolysis phenomenon, explaining it the mechanism and main regularities. Main methods of a research and equipment: a light microscopy (MBI-15), method small angle of scattering of light, numerical simulation on the IBM. Scientific novelty: in work a physical model of the hypertonic cryohemolysis phenomenon for the first time is constructed which quite satisfactorily will be agreeed majority of experimental data, explains it the reason and mechanism. Main outcomes: is established, that necessary conditions for origin of hypertonic cryohemolysis are a lateral redistribution of a components of a membrane deformed owing to dehydration of a cell, a termotropic structural transformation at 8-13 C, which leads to a diminution of an area of membrane surface, and also anomalous increase of viscosity of a intracellular protein solution. The outcomes of work allow theoretica lly to justify the new approaches of development of the erythrocytes low temperature methods, taking into account the osmolality of cryopreserving solution, permeability of cells for the cryoprotectant and cooling velocities of cell suspension.A practical significance: the presented results can be applied in cryobiologycal practice, as they allow to make the recommendations concerning methods of erythrocytes resistance increasing to an operation of the damaging factors during cryoconservation.