Posokhova S. Prognosis, prevention and ways of decreasing mother-to-child transmission of HIV

The dissertation is devoted to the study of prognostic risk factors of perinatal HIV infection and developing and implementing complex prophylaxis measures for their prevention. 577 HIV-infected mothers have been examined. It has been found that mother-to-child transmission of HIV (MTCT) depended on the following: stages of HIV infection in mother; drugs use and smoking; low weight gain during pregnancy; concomitant diseases in obstetric history; expected premature birth; placental insufficiency and retardation in fetus development; insufficient amount of amniotic fluid; pathological microbiological infection in the delivery pathway; premature rupture of membranes over 4 hours before delivery; invasive procedures during delivery. The use of preventive combined antiretroviral therapy (ART) decreased the frequency of perinatal HIV infection down to 7,75% as compared to 26,96% of those pregnant women who obtained no ART. Planned elective C-section also decreased mother-to-child transmission of HIV by 4,8times. Combined ART (retrovir plus viramun) and C-section have decreased MTCT by 5,6%. By introducing the complex approach, defining the positive risk factors and their prevention have decreased the frequency of mother-to-child transmission of HIV three times.ico-prophylactic recommendations which aim on earlier disturbance of the girls' harmony development revealed.