Melnychuk M. Molecular-biological investigation of the genomic and replicate RNA of phyto- and mycoviruses as basement for plant biotechnologies

This thesis dedicated creation and implementation of the virological & biotechnological system for phyto- and mycoviruses identification and in vitro plants sanitation from infections in Ukraine.It was improved methodology, optimisated procedures and developed molecular biology test-systems for extraction, purification and identification double stranded RNA from plants and fungies. Based on electron microscopy analysis, cloning of the dsRNA fragments and phylogenetic analysis of the gene fragments encoding RNA - dependent RNA - polymerase was firstly described new mycovirus Helicobasidium purpureum Partitivirus from sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) plants. It was investigated micromycetes pool sampled from the sugar beet from the leaves, roots and rhizosphere in different regions of Ukraine. Also it was obtained pure fungi cultures infected by new mycovirus. According to the results of nucleotide sequences internal translated spacers of the ribosome genes it was established relationships virus infected micromycetes to Peniofora, Thanatephorus, Schizophillum sp. It has been observed relationships of the mycoviruses to root rot induction on the sugar beet plants and also shown possibility mycoviruses pathogenic effect based on presence virus dsRNA in sugar beet plants. Important applied science aspects of the dissertation thesis based on method of diagnostic and identification RNA-phytoviruses, sanitation, in vitro cloning and multiply virus-free aroma varieties of hops (Humulus lupulus L.) for creation donor hop gardens. The new aroma hops variety named National was created for brewery needs with high crop capacity and natural tolerance to the viruses. Scientific results were extended and high efficiency have been proved by 5 official summaries and 3 letters.