Martynyuk V. Influence of extremely low frequence magnetic fields on human and animal organism

Dissertation is devoted to the problem of influence of weak extremely low frequency magnetic fields (ELF MF) on the human and animal organism. It is experimentally shown that the weak magnetic fields of extremely low frequencies which on their frequency-amlitude characteristics are near to natural and technogenous ELF MF, simultaneously influence at all levels of organization and cause the functional changes in ctntral nervous system, immune and other functional systems of organism, increase activity of cells of the APUD-system and change the structurally-functional properties of proteins and membranes. It is shown that the effects of ELF MF depend on the individual-typological features of organism. In more active in the «opened field» animals the more substantial changes of metabolic activity were revealed in cortex of hemispheres of cerebrum, while in low active animals – in talamus and hypotalamus. General character of MF-associated metabolic changes in animals is decrease of differences between individual-typological groups. It is shown that parameters of time organization of physiological processes in ultra- and infradian range of periods are controlled by variations of natural electromagnetic background, which are estimated on the dynamics of geo-geliophysical indices. Development of adaptation strategy during ontogenesis realise to «imprinting» of steady periods of external environment in the structure of biological rhythms. Periodic influence of ELF MF causes in animals with different individual-typological features not only forming of near periods in the dynamics of physiological processes but also partial concordance of phases. These facts testify to the synchronizing influence of ELF MF and experimentally confirm the principle possibility of using by the living systems of the steady natural variations of electromagnetic background as a sensor of time of biorhythms. It was shown that mast cells, which are the element of the APUD-system, directly react on influence of ELF MF in vivo and in vitro.This fact allows us to conclude that these cells are one of non-specific «magnetic sensors» in organism.The reaction of mast cells depends on frequency-ampliude characteristics of MF. It was shown that the action of ELF MF induses the dynamic changes of structurally-functional properties of proteins in solutions. The changes most expressly show up in the conditions of structurizaion of water phase and «disturbance» of spatial structure of proteins by their non-specific saturation by low molecular hydrophobic substances. At the same time ELF MF influence changes the solubility of small hydrophobic substances in water and surfactant properties of amphipathic substances, that testifies to influence of ELF MF on hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance in the water systems. The complex interference of differnt mechanisms of MF-influence take place in human and animal organism that simultaneously realized on elementary physical-chemical, molecular, cellular and system levels. Integration of these mechanisms at the level ofwhole organism results in development of non-specific adaptation reactions.