Thesis is devoted to search the new methods of formylporphyrines syntheses and investigation of products their chemical transformations. The reliable method of synthesis of free base 2-formyl-5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrine is proposed. All possible isomers of mono-formylphenyltriphenylporphyrines were obtained and possibilities of obtaining of 5-formyl-10,15,20-triphenylporphyrine were investigated. The method of Wittig reaction on 2-formyltetraphenylporphyrine was improved. Intramolecular cyclization of metallocomplexes of 2-formyltetraphenylporphyrine into verdine was investigated and its isomer was obtained for the first time, a range of chemical transformations of the products of intramolecular cyclization was performed. It was found, that imminium salts of formylporphyrins can react with weak CH-acid in mild conditions and without strong bases. It was shown, that chalconporphyrines are suitable starting compounds for synthesis of pyrazolinylporphyrins which were oxidized to corresponding pyrazolporphyrins. The reaction of 2-formyl-5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrine with diazomethane were investigated, 2-acetyl-5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin was obrained for the first time. It was shown, that under certain conditions 2-acetyl-2,3-cyclopropa-5,10,15,20-tetraphenylchlorine has become the major product of this reaction. Highly lipophilic pentameric porphyrins were obtained for the first time by condensation of pyrrole with 5-(4- or 3-formylphenyl),10,15,20-(3,5-di-tert.butylphenyl)porphyrines. It was shown, that mixed aldehydes condensation of pyrrole with isomeric mono-formylphenylporphyrins and isomeric pyridylcarbaldehydes leads to the range of asymmetric dimeric porphyrins. Electrochemical and electrocatalytic properties of a range metallocomplexes isomeric oxo-porphyrins with exocyles were investigated. For the first time the systematic investigation of production processes of polymecic ligands and its metallocomplexes by radical copolymerization of vinylporphyrins with vinyl monomers was carried out. It was shown, that kinetic parameters of copolymerization, spectral characteristic of copolymers and possibility of obtaining of linear and cross-linked copolymers substantially depend from the structure of monomers and reaction conditions.
