Vetokhin V. System and physicomechanical bases of designing soil looseness tools

The system model of intercommunication of properties and parameters state of soil is presented in work. The model in system "source of energy - working tool - soil" was proposed. And the mechanism of self-adapting of the system with forming of the intermediate body from the consolidated soil, performing the function of dynamic variable part of working surface and the regulating device of the efficiency system was shown. Ability of chisel the visible workings organs of transformation is set local compression of soil by a wedge in deformation of change with tension of volume of layer. Such ability of chisel the visible soil processings of workings organs is accompanied power savings at loosening of soil. Described characteristic are a workings surfaces curvature of which diminishes ot front to the back edge. On the base of the conducted researches three basic classes of soil processing's instruments are selected: of chisel the visible, knife similar (ploughshares) and chisel - moldboard. Theoretical developments are inculcated in serial soil processing's equipment for against a soil erosion and the soil protective technologies. Keywords: loosening of soil, system model, properties and parameters of the state of soil, curvature of workings surfaces, effect of self-regulation of form, of chisel the visible, knife similar (ploughshares) and chisel - moldboard.