Semashko P. Scientific bases for the forming of the acoustic state of living accommodations, hygienic assessment and prophylaxis of its violations

The regularities of the forming of the acoustic state of living accommodations from external and internal sources and contribution of the separate components in its forming were determined. Criteria of the hygienic assessment of the acoustic state of living accommodations and the territories, adjoining to the dwelling houses, were improved. The measures for the liquidation of these violations were recommended. It was determined that insufficient sanitary distances from the external sources, high levels of sounds on the facades of dwelling houses and wide use of the noise unprotected windows which had insufficient sound isolating property in a closed state and in the regimes of ventilation, high levels of the sounds of the internal sources, insufficient sound isolating property of inter-apartment walls and inter-room partitions of modern "light" building materials, insufficiency of the present hygienic standards for allowable noise and infrasound levels were the main complaints of the population on the acoustic conditions in the living accommodations. A new complex of the measures: improvement of the criteria for noise and ultrasound, new requirements to the sound isolation of the walls, partitions and window, sanitary distances from the external sources of acoustic contamination was offered for the protection of the population from the hazardous noise exposure. Methodical approaches to the determination of the subjective reaction of the population to the noise in the dwelling in the night time were improved.