Sorochynskyi B. Cytoskeleton and postradiation effects

The thesis is devoted to the analyzing of the cytoskeleton role in the development on the cell's reaction after the high level and low level irradiation. It was shown that high level irradiation can affect the microtubules polymerization in vitro and such microtubules had abnormal morphological characteristics. Ionizing radiation can damage also the cytoskeleton organization at the intact cells. Probably such damages of the microtubules, which are caused with irradiation may be important step in the cell death. It was demonstrated that chemical compounds, which have high affinity to the microtubules' and microfilaments' proteins can be used for the modification of the radiation sensitivity of the animal cells. Such properties of these compounds are exhibited both for the mictrotubules in vitro and in vivo. It was shown that chemicals which have affinity to the cytoskeleton may be used for the increasing of radiation sensitivity and for the radiation protection as well. Low doses irradiation may have more high biological efficacy as to compare with the acute irradiation. This phenomena may be the reason for many radiobiological effects among the plants from the Chernobyl exclusion zone and it may increase their genetic instability also. The changes in the proteins content and in the cytoskeleton proteins compositions, modification of the expression levels of the cytoskeleton genes after chronic irradiation may cause the abnormal morphogenesis among the plants, which grow at the soils with high level of the radioactive contamination at the 10-km zone of the ChNPP. Cytoskeleton damages with irradiation and modification of the cytoskeleton functions demonstrate the unspecific cells' reaction for the different physical and chemicals treatments.