Object of study: insurance protection in agriculture. Objective: to study the theoretical and methodological principles of formation and functioning of the insurance protection in agriculture, the disclosure of its nature and development on this basis of agricultural insurance development paths and mechanisms for their implementation. Methods: historical, logical, scientific abstraction, induction and deduction, systematic approach, analogies and quantitative and qualitative comparison, extrapolation, analysis and synthesis, graphical methods, sample research group, peer reviews, description and comparison of modeling. Theoretical and practical results: the new scientific going is in-process reasonable near opening of essence of insurance defense in agriculture on the basis of the use of scientific tool of economic theory, philosophy, financial science, inherent to them forms and methods of cognition. The walkthrough of scientific looks, theoretical flows and categories descriptions of agricultural insurance is carried out certainly and his functions are described in modern terms. Priority directions of improvement of insurance defense are worked out in agriculture on the basis of reasonable comprehension of and methodical base and walkthrough of existent home and foreign practice. The novelty lies in the implementation of comprehensive theoretical and methodological, and practical reasoning areas of formation and functioning of insurance protection in agriculture, fundamentals of institutional support its development, development of practical recommendations to improve the transparency and efficiency. Degree of implementation: theoretical principles and proposals for improvement of insurance protection in agriculture used to develop regulations of the Ministry of Agrarian Policy and Food of Ukraine, the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, League of Insurance Organizations of Ukraine; used by private joint-stock company "Insurance Company" BROKBUSINESS". The sphere of application: the activities of public authorities, self-regulatory organizations and insurers.