Kaminskyi O. Pathways of development of the non-malignant endocrine diseases in persons exposed to ionizing radiation after the ChNPP accident

Retrospective analysis of epidemiological and clinical data resulted in clarification of the structure of thyroid and non-thyroid endocrine diseases in remote terms of the Chornobyl NPP accident. Those diseases were more often diagnosed in persons who had been for more long time working in the Chornobyl exclusion zone (i.e. clean-up workers in the non-iodine period of 1986-1987) and those ones who had received external radiation doses over 0.3 Gy (i.e. emergency/clean-up workers in the iodine period of 1986). For the very first time the breakdown of protective pathway against obesity within proopiomelanocortin system was revealed represented with abnormally low pituitary а-MSH secretion being of dose-dependent pattern. For the very first time the dependence of thyroid system status not only on the impact of unfavorable accident factors was found but also on serum content of extrathyroid hormones and body mass making extra stimulation of hyperplastic, hypertrophic and autoimmune processes especially in the clean-up workers of non-iodine period of 1986-1987, who for the longest time worked under radiation exposure. Thyroid radiation effects are exacerbated under impact of excessive concentrations of insulin, leptin, cortisol, and related to that insulin resistance and leptin resistance. As the result the standardized arrangements and optimized clinical approaches on prophylaxis, diagnostics and management were developed for the endocrine system diseases associated with radiation effects under the impact of the unfavorable environmental factors.