Shpakova N. Temperature and osmotic resistance of erythrocytes of different mammalian species

Object of research – hypertonic shock, hypertonic cryohemolysis, hypertonic lysis of mammalian erythrocytes. Aim – the study of peculiarities and regularities of mammalian erythrocyte resistance to the change in environmental temperature and osmotic parameters and determination of the conditions providing maximal resistance of cells to temperature-osmotic effect by modification of their initial state under the influence of physical and chemical factors of environment (temperature, osmolality, cryoprotectants) and when using amphiphilic compounds of different origin with elucidating the mechanism of their protective action. Methods – spectrophotometry, light microscopy, ionometry, atomic absorption spectrometry, capillary electrophoresis, EPR spectroscopy, flow cytometry. In the work for the first time there was revealed the statistically significant relationship between temperature-osmotic resistance of mammalian erythrocytes and their structural-functional characteristics; for the first time there were determined and specified the main regularities of hypertonic cryohemolysis of animal erythrocytes, for the first time antihemolytic effect of amphiphilic compounds of different classes were complexly analyzed at hypertonic shock and hypertonic cryohemolysis of mammalian erythrocytes and there was revealed the mechanism of protective action of amphiphiles; for the first time with basing on experimental data as for the resistance of mammalian erythrocytes under hypertonic shock there were theoretically grounded the optimal conditions of adding cryoprotectants to the cells at the stage prior to their freezing.