Shabliy T. Design of the new reagents and technologies for prevention of aquatic contamination by industrial drain waste

This dissertation presents scientific approaches for the stabilizing water treatment for resource-saving in the industry and energy sectors. New methods of reagent synthesis and water purification technologies have been developed which facilitate the transition towards more resource-saving water usage systems. The efficiency of developed coagulants and flocculants for clarification of both natural and drain waters has been assessed. The conditions for the reagent-based deep softening of the high-hardness water using aluminum-based coagulants such as RIKS?A in presence of lime and alkali have been established. This dissertation also proves the possibility of simultaneous water softening and sulfate-ion extraction in case of individual or combined application of aluminum-containing coagulants or metal aluminum during lime treatment of the water. This study has also determined the effect of water properties, the types and forms of ion exchangers and the sequence of application of mild- and strong-acid cation and low- and highly-basic anion exchangers on the efficiency of water softening and desalination as well as on the efficiency of chloride, sulfate and nitrate extraction. The conditions have been determined for reagent-based and electrochemical reprocessing of the used regenerating solutions and concentrates of the nanofiltration-based water purification. Based on these results, new technologies have been created for comprehensive low-waste water desalination based on the ion exchange; resource-saving demineralization of the brackish water using nanofiltration; comprehensive desalination of the sea water.