Rezunenko Y. Hygienic grounds for the prognosis of a potential danger of polyols on the basis of glycerol, xylite, ethylene glycol and propylene glycol in connection with the problem of sanitary protection of water sources.

The thesis is devoted to: investigation of mechanisms of biological action, preventive measures elaboration and the prognosis of a potential danger of polyols on the basis of glycerol, xylite, ethylene glycol and propylene glycol by determination of maximum allowable concentration in water sources. It is proved that the organoleptic sign of hazard for polyols is the limiting one; threshold concentrations in water were detected on the levels of 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 mg/l by foam formation. Threshold concentrations of polyols in water according to the general sanitary sign of hazard are detected at the level of 5.0 and 10.0 mg/l by the effect on the aquatic organisms D. magna. Polyols belong to hazard classes 3-4, low-cumulative substances, with a small skin-resorption effect. Their toxicometric parameters do not have any species and sex divergences. The clinical picture of acute poisoning is characterized by prevailing signs of disorders in the central nervous, cardiovascular and respiratory systems. The mean effective death time of animals is detected during the first and second days. The influence of polyols on the organism does not produce any specific manifestations of the gonadotoxic, embryotoxic and mutagenic effects. No teratogenic effect is observed. In conditions of a subacute sanitary-toxicological experiment the effects, produced by polyols on the organism of homoitherms at doses of 1/10 and 1/100 of LD50, were notable for activation of free radical processes, development of tissue hypoxia and endointoxication, structural failures and dysfunctions of cell membranes, changes in the state of immunobiological reactivity. The reasonability of using the techniques of biochemiluminescence and phosphorescence for the objective prognostication of the poisoning severity degree caused by lethal and sublethal doses of chemical substances, cumulative properties, skin-resorption, allergic and sensitizing effects, tentative assessment of the degree of toxicity, hazard and stability in aqueous solutions is substantiated.