Gyrka A. Agrobiological bases of formation the productivity of winter and spring cereals in the Northern Steppe of Ukraine

Object of study – the growth and development processes of winter and spring forms of wheat, barley and oat plants; forming patterns of their productivity at application the effective technological grooving measures. Aim – to develop new and upgrade existing basic measures and technological growing systems of modern varieties of winter and spring forms of wheat, barley and oats, which have been based on the use of the biological potential of crops and the application of resource saving technologies in the Northern Steppe zone. Methods – general and specific agronomic methods of scientific research. The main agronomic methods were field experiments, which are complemented by laboratory and field-laboratory tests. Results – it is developed the new and improved existing measures of growing technology of winter and spring forms of wheat, barley and oats, which allows in conditions of Northern Steppe fully realize the genetic potential of varieties, increase their productivity and improve grain quality, reduce the energy and production costs, and also make a selection the most adapted varieties for growing under different technological systems. Novelty – for the first time for the Steppe of Ukraine were developed and scientifically grounded main technological growing measures of modern varieties of winter and spring cereals forms of different direction using. It is investigated the patterns of plants growth and development under the influence of abiotic factors, that allowed to develop the optimal sowing structure of winter and spring forms for heterogeneous soil and climatic conditions of Northern Steppe. The scientific value are the data analysis of technological process of growing crops, principles of selection adapted to conditions in these regions winter and spring forms of wheat, barley and oats, optimal sowing time, measures for improving the field seed germination and also identifying the ways to reduce costly mechanism and orientation the directions of resource conservation. Sector – agriculture.