Melnyk L. Scientific basis of the toxic microcomponents Manganese, Boron and Arsenic removal during membrane water desalination processes

The thesis is devoted to solving of a scientific problem on ecological safety - to creating of scientific bases for effective removal of toxic microcomponents of Manganese, Boron and Arsenic from water in processes of membrane water desalination with exluding or deminishing secondary environmental pollution risks as well as for predicting the quality and composition of the membrane separation products as to macrocomponents mentioned. On the basis of systematic investigations of process of migration and kinetics of Mn(II) removal during electrodialysis and also of effects of various forms of Manganese on electrochemical characteristics of membranes at various modes of operation the conditions of removal of the specified microcomponent from water up to norms of drinking water-service (0,05 mg/l) during electrodialysis water desalination in the absence of negative effect on membranes were established. Effect of a wide spectrum of physical and chemical parameters (рН, the nature and concentration of a background electrolyte, concentration of a microcomponent in an initial solution, permeate recovery, operating pressure, depth of demineralization, temperature) on efficiency of removal of Boron and Arsenic compounds during electrodialysis, reverse osmosis and nanofiltration was studied using membranes, which have the high application in Ukraine for carrying out these processes. The scientific foundations for forecasting quality of the permeate and dialysate of membrane installations as to the contents of the specified microcomponents depending on composition of initial water and parameters of treatment, as well as for development of the effective and ecologically-expedient technological schemes ensuring obtaining fresh water of top quality by the content of Boron and Arsenic at reduction or elimination of risks of secondary environmental contamination by toxic microcomponents are created.