Korotun I. Architectural and town-planning framework of buffer zone formation for UNESCO World Heritage Sites

The dissertation investigates the World Heritage sites (for 2016) in the following areas: growth dynamic by year; concentration of the sites by continents and states; implementation guidelines and recommendation; features of managing the sites; monitoring missions and their prescriptive documents; contents of the nomination files, UNESCO World Heritage Center guidelines, expert estimates about identification, inclusion, managing, using, quality improvement of the world cultural heritage. The thesis is devoted to architectural and town-planning framework of formation of buffer zones for World Heritage Sites. A new territorial object - a buffer zone for UNESCO World Heritage Sites and assemblies - is scientifically grounded. The procedure of "Nomination and Expert Maintenance" of World Heritage Site is presented. Definition of buffer zone parameters and components is given. Approach to assessment of visual influence of town-planning transformational changes on object perception inside and outside of buffer zones is improved. Typology of World Heritage Site's buffer zones (town-planning assemblies, urban centers) is developed by virtue of generalized scientific data of its use. Classification of buffer zones is framed taking into account the implementation of new criteria of its territorial parameters (small, medium, large, very large) as well as according to functional characteristics (direct, multifunction, combined) and to sites morphotype (domain, morphological district, urban centers). The concept of buffer zones regulation and transformation is developed taking into account the conservation of integration and authenticity requirements. The work describes the methodic of buffer zones definition - area and width according to the formula considering the coefficient and using the "ideal" model depending on the area and type of World Heritage site. In accordance with established methodology the width of the buffer zone varies between 100 to 500 meters. The paper presents a generalized model of integrated use the territory. It describes the means of architecture and urban planning regulation by creating the comprehensive protection zone of World cultural heritage site. The work provides the application of methods of safeguard the characteristic elements of the historic building, landscape area, restoration (facades, roofs, etc.), open spaces, providing visual perception of silhouettes, panoramas, background development. This model is the reference point for determining the activities in the field of heritage protection and urban planning regulation. We make recommendations for the improvement of World heritage sites buffer zones managing and the development of management plans to improve the effectiveness of administrative activities, international and domestic controls. We also present practical suggestions for the implementation of "management plan" for the site and its buffer zone. The management plan is crucial at the modification of boundaries, changes in architectural and urban land use, perspective architectural and urban use of site territory and its buffer zone, for an additional level of the protection of UNESCO World Heritage Site.