Rochniak Y. Theoretical Bases of Formation of Railway Stations Architecture

The object of the research is railway stations as passenger buildings and railway structures. The research aims to reveal the theoretical bases of formation of architecture of railway stations in historical, morphological, art, space-time, sociocultural aspects and to outline possible directions and tendencies of its development. The author used such methods as: comparison, classification, typological, historical-genetic, graphoanalytical; terminological, historical and morphological analyzes. The theoretical value of the thesis refers to the study of the theoretical principles the formation of the architecture of railway stations. Scientific novelty of the results: for the first time a generalized study of the processes of formation of railway station architecture in an interdisciplinary context; a new humanitarian direction of research of formation of architecture of railway stations on the basis of integration of various spheres of knowledge is started; data on railway stations and stations from the Central State Historical Archive of Ukraine in Lviv put into scientific circulation; the origins and prototypes in the formation of the architecture of railway stations and the varieties of their manifestations are established; space-time interactions in the processes and architecture of railway stations are studied; the main tendencies of formation of architecture of railway stations through embodiment of basic plans (ideas) are established; typology of railway station architecture using the categories of prototype, morphological type, archetype; factors and their role in the formation of the architecture of railway stations; use of the concept of compositional and stylistic group of railway stations and ways of their distribution in areas to generalize their connections and artistic integrity of individual territories; the essence of socio-cultural aspects of the formation of the architecture of railway stations was supplemented; conceptual and terminological apparatus for the architecture of railway stations from Ukrainian and foreign sources; understanding of historical aspects of integral formation of architecture of railway stations in the world, Europe, features of Ukraine and its regions was been refined and improved. The subject of the research is processes of development, changes and transformations of architecture of railway stations. Author’s recommendations are used during the formation of the architecture of railway stations. The sphere for the use of author’s recommendations is the railway stations of Ukraine, Europe and the world.