The dissertation presents a theoretical generalization and a new solution to the problem of rehabilitation of drug-addicted persons. The achievement of this goal required the specification of the essence and content of the principles of psychological rehabilitation as an important component of the rehabilitation process, which was carried out by constructing an author's model and the corresponding program of psychological rehabilitation of opioid-dependent persons. It was found that the success of rehabilitation was largely determined by the process and content of the opioid-dependent individuals' personal emotional changes in the course of rehabilitation. One of the most important factors of rehabilitation is the active participation of the patient in the rehabilitation process, his/her inner motivation for the disease prevention and the implementation of the doctors and psychologists' recommendations. One of the main tasks in working with drug addicts is the formation of their motivation for seeking professional assistance. The model of psychological rehabilitation of opioid-dependent patients encompasses four stages, which are united in two integral blocks. The first block of psychological intervention involves versatile psychotherapeutic effects that are applied in parallel-sequential mode: the formation of active motivation for change, the elements of the group, individual, and cognitive-behavioral therapy, etc. The choice of the type of psychotherapeutic intervention is based on the results of the psychological diagnosis of the subjects, their individual psychological characteristics, and the way the psychologist sees the person's perspective development line. The second block conventionally consists of stabilization and evaluation of efficiency; its purpose, which is the transformation of the patient's lifestyle, determines its duration and meaning. The use of music in psychocorrective work with drug addicts is substantiated as an important component of the suggested model, which reduces the psycho-emotional stress that is fixed in drug addicts and acts as a form of reflection of the unfinishedness of a certain internal action (stopping the movement toward the goal, fixing on the obstacle, and search for better ways of the personality's responding and adaptation). The psychological characteristics of the opioid-dependent individuals were empirically revealed, in particular, the severity of such symptoms as anxiety, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and aggressiveness. Significant differences were found between the results shown by the subjects and the normative data on the following scales: obsessive-compulsive disorders, depression, anxiety, aggressiveness, paranoidness, psychoticism, and the general index of severity of symptoms. The dissertation reveals the principles and describes the system of construction of psychological rehabilitation of opioid-dependent persons, which was developed on the basis of the author's model of psychological rehabilitation and implemented in a specialized program. The purpose of the program of psychological rehabilitation of the opioid-dependent persons was the achievement by the participants of the complete refusal to receive drugs, qualitative personality change, transformation of family relationships, and change of relations with the surrounding world. The goal is achieved through the implementation of complex differentiated measures that are implemented on the supporting and diagnostic, motivational, basic and stabilization stages. Each of the stages has its own specifics and is distinguished from the others by its fullness and duration. At the same time, all stages form a single inseparable whole in achieving the main goal. At the final stage of the study, the program participants' positive dynamics (differences between the experimental and the control group are statistically significant) were revealed: according to the indicators of authoritarian, selfish, aggressive, benevolent, and altruistic types; reduction of anxiety and depression rates (anxiety is expressed predominantly at the subclinical level; symptoms of depression are practically not observed, while the control group reveals a high level of anxiety and moderate depression); according to the indicators of aggressiveness and psychoticism, as well as obsessive-compulsive disorders, depression, anxiety, and paranoidness (the general index of severity of symptoms is significantly lower in the experimental group subjects); a significant reduction of the impulsivity and individuality rates, an increase of the neurotic overcontrol rates, indicating a greater attention of the subjects to their own health, awareness of their need for treatment and rehabilitation; positive changes in the basic profile of the subjects, which was peak-like with the domination of several scales until the rehab and became "boundary" after the psychological rehab (the highest marks reach 75 T, the profile is more harmonious); increased motivation and orientation toward the cooperation with the psychologist and physician of the program participants with different personality types. Thus, the subjects with depressive (pessimistic) personality type tended to cooperate with the psychologist, their test results were reliable, and there was a decrease in all indicators of the SMPS scales observed. The profile is not harmonious, but the results on any of the scales do not exceed 75 T; there is a decrease in the indicators of the depression and anxiety scales observed. The study carried out does not exhaust all aspects of the solution of the problem under investigation. We see the prospect of further research in expanding the range of activities aimed at mastering psychological knowledge, forming a common psychological culture of drug-addicted persons, improving their training in personal development, self-knowledge, and improving their own lives.
