Domin R. Development of methods and means of research on maintenance of technical operation of railway rolling stock

The dissertation is devoted to the further development of methods and means of scientific research aimed at solving the scientific and applied problem of ensuring the technical operation of rolling stock as modernized by scientifically grounded technical solutions and the new generation. In the work the method of forecasting and diagnostics of formation and development of cracks in bearing structures of rolling stock has been developed, which provides preliminary calculations of strength with further experimental research of problem nodes using a complex of materials science methods. On the basis of this method, an advanced approach to solving the problem of prolongation of the service life of the traction rolling stock (TRS) with a long run is proposed. In order to ensure the safe operation of modernized technical solutions of the TRS units, it is recommended to introduce a step-by-step instrumental control and continuous monitoring of the technical condition of the bearing constructions. For the analysis of the means of mathematical modeling of mechanical causes of derailment of freight cars, a computer model has been developed that allows investigating the dynamics of freight wagons in trains with different characteristics of the technical condition of running gears and tracks. Reproduction by computer simulation of situations involving the derailment of freight cars provides the opportunity to identify the most important causes that lead to emergency situations. Using a verified basic computer model of dynamics of a high-speed passenger car of locomotive thrust, a study was carried out on the influence of structural parameters of running parts on the dynamic parameters of the car. The dependence of the safety indicators and smoothness of the course on the characteristics of the damping means of the high-speed car vibration and the value of the equivalent conicity are determined. In order to further develop the methods and means of assessing the safety of rolling stock operational safety, a mobile system was developed to determine the dynamic loading of rolling stock under operating conditions. The advanced technology of diagnosing the technical state of rolling stock is proposed for use. In particular, the calculation-experimental method of prediction of dynamic characteristics of railway vehicles is recommended. The system of monitoring the dynamic loading of rolling stock on the track structure has been improved on the basis of the use of means of measuring accelerations of rails. Key words: rolling stock, bearing designs, strength, dynamics, derailment, computer modeling, testing, admission to operation.